A Feminist Reading Of Marry Shelleys Frankenstein - Free Essay Example

A Feminist Reading Of Marry Shelleys Frankenstein Feminism is a movements aimed to equal rights between men and women so in Shelleys time it was just started and through Frankensteins novel she pointed out one of the most powerful work of feminism in London 1818. Shelley was 18 years old when she wrote this story. When she was in Switzerland with her lover Percy Shelley who later became her husband, they stayed at their friend Lord Byrons castle. They decided to compete for writing the best horror story. That night Shelley dreamed of a scientist who created a scary creature, then her dream developed to a novel that she wrote (Zeitoun). She was from a noble rich educated family and they were interested in arts. Her mother, Mary Wollstonecraft, was a writer and advocate for womens rights and her father, William Godwin, was a political philosopher and a science fiction writer, while her husband Percy Beach Shelley, was a famous poet who had his own way of thinking which conflicted with his community and was calling for freedom and liberalism rather than religion. She managed to publish the novel in her fathers publishing house, and her name mentioned in the second edition with her husband helped. Shelleys Frankenstein reflected different problems that were prominent in the lives of female at that time via her subordinate female characters. Elizabeth, Safie and the nearly created female monster. The most important female character in this story is Elizabeth although she is hardly mentioned until after the interdiction of Victor Frankenstein her fianc, Shelley showed how women were not important at that time unless they had a man. An example of this, the way Victor treated Elizabeth, he never discussed with her his work or his fear from the monster that he created. He was only expecting for her loyalty and obedience. Even when Victor decided to marry, he discussed his marriage with his father and his friend Henry to locate the place and the day of the marriage. It is strange because, it is known from antiquity that these concerns are womens interests, not mens, but Shelley preferred to show that men dominated women even in their most basic rights and interests. Victor said: Elizabeth loved the wonderful sights of nature in the mountains and lakes of Switzerland while I was more interested in investigating why things in nature happened (Shelley 17). Here Victor was outspoken about his opinion on Elizabeths interests, which is nothing important in life. Shelley reflects how men in her society looked at women as their mentality lacked invention or even education. She was docile and good tempered, yet gay and playful as a summers insect and I loved to tend on her, as I should on a favourite animal (Shelley 20). Victor again looked at Elizabeth as a small butterfly or a pet. Another opinion Shelley pointed out, which is men look at women as a beautiful animal or insect that they enjoy looking at, and they only expect obedience from women and t hey have no missions in life other than fulfilling their desires. In addition, when the Monster tries to take revenge from Victor he decides to kill Elizabeth. Here, Elizabeth is a metaphor of something that belongs to Victor. Because when someone tries to take revenge from someone else the first thing he will do is to take or destroy something he owns. So Shelley refers to Elizabeth as an object belongs to Victor. Indeed, the beast is able to kill Elizabeth on her wedding day wearing her white dress, Shelley reflected her negative idea about marriage in her society. Because she didnt believe in marriage, she thought a person should be with whoever he chooses without restrictions. Second, Safie is another subordinate female character. She runs away from her father in Turkey alone to live with her fianc? © Felix in Germany. Safie and Felix showed a deep and powerful relationship by defying the rules of their societies. Her relationship with her fianc? © is strong and perfect. Shelley presents herself in Safie in the way that rebelled against her family, Shelley ran away with Percy Beach Shelley without getting married and she believed in her lovers belief in freedom and there is no such thing as restrictions such as marriage if two people love each other she even knew that Percy had another wife. But after their long struggle with their family and society they decided to marry. She mentions Safie in only two pages to show that it is a fictional character who seeks her personal desire something that no one dares in her society to do such a thing, it is also a message to women who want to seek their dreams and live only for their personal desires. Felix spent the weeks following Safies arrival teaching her to speak and read their language (Shelley 85). Safie does not give up on her family but she abandons her identity, language and her culture for Felix who does not even speak her language. In this novel, Shelley points out that women in her society could be this stupid and blind to forget who they are when they loved men. Finally, the monster asks Victor to create a female monster to live in peace far away from humans. In the beginning, Victor accepts to create her, but he starts to think of consequences and feel suspicious. Still, my work was proceeding well. Why, then, did such a sickening sense of foreboding ill my heart? This feeling that something evil was about to happen (Shelly 111). Victor thinks that the monster hates himself already and starts to become independent, let alone a female ugly angry monster, she will make a fuss. That cannot be controlled by his male creature (Mellor 360). Victor is afraid that the female creature might become a thinker, she may refuse to live with the male monster and they will hate each other. She will have an entity and a sense of self and needs as any normal person. Hes afraid that she might have her own way of thinking. Female autonomy, in Victors eyes, becomes a terrible threat (Williams). Victor was not only afraid of an angry female monster but is also afraid she may not submit to the male monster whom Victor created hem himself and this may shake his manhood and change his principles on women who should not exceed the limits of obedience. Victor is also afraid that the female monster may start to think of having babies, little thinkers demons such as their mother. Shelley through Victor showed how men thought of women at that time. Men through Victor, supposed that women followed men when their named were mentioned, and if women become superior over men it would be a great disaster because it was against women nature to be superior. To conclude, Mary Shelley was one of the most important women who talked about the womens movement in the nineteenth century. Her aims were to spread awareness among women through her creative writings, the most important work she wrote was Frankenstein. Despite her young age, Shelley managed to reflect mens perspective of women successfully that time via her works. Also, she reflected her personal life through her characters and showed how she suffered that time because she was a woman.

5 Widespread Myths About Interracial Relationships

Interracial couples, marriages, and relationships are more common today than ever before in the United States. Marriages between people of different races reached a record high of 8.4 percent in 2010, according to the New York Times. Despite the rising rate of interracial marriage, mixed-race couples not only continue to face scrutiny and disapproval but sweeping generalizations from outsiders. Individuals in interracial relationships often are accused of entering such unions for less than honorable reasons. This review of the myths that shroud interracial couples indicate that romance across the color line remains a source of stigma. Interracial Means Black And White Arguably the biggest myth about interracial couples is that such pairings always involve a white person and a person of color. Interracial couples consisting of two people who belong to racial minority groups are largely overlooked in the mainstream culture. This is likely because discussions of race in general still are based on a black-white paradigm. Nonetheless, interracial couples of color have been the inspiration for films such as â€Å"Mississippi Masala,† in which Denzel Washington plays a character who falls in love with a South Asian woman. Moreover, the comedy â€Å"Harold Kumar Go to White Castle† paired the Korean-American protagonist up with a Latina love interest. Of course, a number of such couples exist in real life as well. Famous examples of interracial couples of color include musician Carlos Santana and his wife, Cindy Blackman, an African American; and Wesley Snipes and his wife, Nakyung Park, a Korean American. As the United States grows more diverse, interracial couples of color will only grow more common. Accordingly, discussion of interracial relationships should include pairings of Asian Americans and African Americans, Hispanic Americans and Arab Americans, and so forth. People in Interracial Relationships Never Date Their Own Race Strangers often assume that people in interracial relationships have long dated exclusively outside of their race. It’s undeniable that some people display strong preferences for a particular race. Indian-American actress Mindy Kaling, for example, essentially told Us Magazine that she favors white men.   â€Å"I embarrassingly love blond men — hot pinups like Chris Evans and Chris Pine,† she said. â€Å"I feel like people expect me to have an edgy choice, like Justin Theroux, and I’m just like, ‘Nope! I want Captain America!’† In addition, Kaling has been called out for casting solely white men as her love interests on her show â€Å"The Mindy Project.† Unlike Mindy Kaling, however, many people in interracial relationships don’t have a type. They have dated both intra-racially and interracially and just happened to end up with partners who don’t share their ethnic background. They don’t have a pattern of choosing solely white mates or solely Asian mates or Hispanic ones. Singer Rihanna,  journalist Lisa Ling and actor Eddie Murphy are all examples of people whove dated both within and outside of their racial group.  Ã‚   If you don’t know the dating history of a person in an interracial relationship, don’t assume that they have no interest in dating members of their own race. Unless you’re interested in dating the person in question, however, ask yourself why you care whom this person dates. If the person has bought into the idea that some racial groups are more desirable than others and date such people because they consider them to be â€Å"catches† or â€Å"trophies,† there’s little you can do to change their mindset anyway. They’ll likely excuse their dating patterns as being simple â€Å"preferences† rather than examine how our racially stratified society has influenced them to find some racial groups more appealing than others. Minorities in Interracial Romances Hate Themselves People of color who date interracially are often accused of suffering from self-hatred. While some minorities date whites in particular for social status, many minorities who date across the color line are proud of their heritage. They’re not dating interracially to dilute their bloodlines. They simply felt a spark with someone who doesn’t share their racial background. This doesn’t mean that they don’t identify with their minority group and are ashamed to be part of that group. A number of African Americans who married interracially have fiercely fought for civil rights and the uplift of their racial group, including the abolitionist Frederick Douglass, playwright Lorraine Hansberry, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall and actor-singer Harry Belafonte. Whites in Interracial Marriages Are Rebelling While minorities in interracial relationships are often accused of hating themselves, whites in such relationships are often accused of rebelling. They didn’t marry interracially because they truly loved their spouse, outsiders say, but because they wanted to get back at their parents. Are there white people who bring home a person of another race because they know it will drive their parents crazy? Probably. But it’s unlikely that these people would have a sustained relationship with someone of a different race just to spite their parents, let alone marry interracially to do so.  Ã‚   Minorities in Interracial Relationships Date Down It’s a common belief that people of color in interracial relationships, especially with whites, date down rather than up. In other words, their partners aren’t particularly attractive, moneyed or educated. They are not dating â€Å"catches.† The rationale here is that whites enjoy so much privilege in society that minorities who pursue romances with them aren’t exactly picky. Any white person will do. This, of course, is a sweeping generalization. Unless the only criterion a person has in a mate is that she be white, it’s doubtful that this generalization applies. Rosie Cuison Villazor, a law professor and editor of Loving v. Virginia in a Post-Racial World, has found that the income of interracial couples tends to vary by the racial makeup of the couple. â€Å"Forty-two percent of white men/Asian women married couples both went to college, compared with 20 percent of white/Hispanic married couples and 17 percent of white/black married couples,† she found. â€Å"A look at earnings also reveals racial and gender differences: the median combined income of white/Asian couples is $70,952, compared with $53,187 for white/black married couples.† The fact that black-white couples earn less than white-Asian couples reflects the fact that blacks generally earn less than whites in the United States, while Asians tend to earn as much or more money than whites. Given this and the fact people of all races are more likely to romance those who share their economic and education background, it’s inaccurate to suggest that minorities in interracial relationships marry or date down. Sources Maillard, Kevin Noble. Loving vs. Virginia in a Post-Racial World. Rose Cuison Villazor (Editor), Cambridge University Press, May 16, 2012. Villazor, Rose Cuison. Marrying Across Racial Lines, but Still Seeing Lines. The New York Times, November 17, 2014.

The Origin Of Culture And The False Perception - 958 Words

Introduction In the realm of Christianity there are several denominations where their doctrinal beliefs and traditions are followed religiously. Through the story of the â€Å"Traditions of the Elders† in Mark 7, this paper focuses on the origin of culture and the false perception it gives that is was created by God. Although culture religious traditions can have association with God, culture and religious traditions are not are not from God and can prevent people from doing what God wants Context Mark 7:1-8 begins with the Pharisees and the scribes coming from Jerusalem and meeting with Jesus. As they were gathered around Jesus, the pharisees and the scribes observed his disciples and questioned Jesus why they were eating food with hands that were unclean? Jesus responds to their question by speaking the words of Isiah from the book of Isiah 29:13 saying, â€Å"These people honor me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me; in vein do they worship me, teaching human precepts as tradition.† Jesus’ tension with the pharisees and the scribes is that they abandoned with word of God and choose to follow human tradition instead. In the second division of Mark 7:9-13, Jesus gives a current example in his time of how the pharisees and the scribes have abandoned God’s commandments and followed the human traditions instead. Jesus’ mentions the commandment â€Å"Honor your father and mother† in Exodus 20:12 and Deuteronomy 5:16. The law that God has already established requiresShow MoreRelatedSummary Response to Platos Allegory of the Cave630 Words   |  3 Pagesidea presented by Plato in his infamous Allegory of the Cave is that the average persons perceptions are severely limited by personal perspective. 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Role Of Continuous Disclosure Framework †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Role Of Continuous Disclosure Framework? Answer: Introduction The present report aims to demonstrate the importance and significance of continuous disclosure framework developed by the ASX. In this regard, the report will emphasize on the current financial position of Surfstitch Ltd through analyzing and evaluating its annual reports. Also, it depicts the necessity of implementing a continuous reporting regime for disclosure entities. Surfstitch (SRF), an online surfing retailing company has recorded huge profit and growth in the year 2015 but profit begin to fall in the year 2016 as analyzed from its annual reports. The massive growth recorded by the company in the year 2015 was due to its acquisition strategy with total revenue approximately to about $144m. However, the annual report of the year 2016 has revealed that its revenue growth has been decreased significantly as compared to that in the year 2015. The company had recorded a net loss after tax to about $154.7m due to failure in its aggressive acquisition strategy and its desire for increase in its revenue without paying much emphasis on the profitability. In year 2015, company has acquired many subsidiaries that raise the amount of goodwill and it has impacted the cash position a lot. During the financial year 2015, company has acquired subsidiaries such as SurfStitch Holdings Pty Limited, SurfStitch Pty Limited, SurfStitch (Europe) Limited, SurfStitch USA, Inc., Surfdome Shop Limited, Magicseaweed Limited, Metcentral Limited and some other. All these subsidiaries are marked as cash generating units and at the time of acquisition of these subsidiaries goodwill has comes into existence. Below chart shows the goodwill left after the deduction of impairment loss from each CGU. Amount of Goodwill for CGU at the end of FY 2015 Amount in thousand dollars SurfStitch Pty Limited $ 24,432.00 SurfStitch Europe Pty Limited Surfdome Shop Limited $ 30,557.00 SurfStitch USA, Inc. $ 9,866.00 Magicseaweed Limited $ 6,997.00 Rollingyouth Pty Ltd $ 1,980.00 $ 73,832.00 There has been great change in cash and cash equivalents due to acquisitions carried out by the company in year 2015. A sum total of 58633 thousand dollars has been used for acquisition of subsidiaries. Company has raised the cash through issues of shares capital of amount 125,693 thousand dollars. Company has shown the impairment loss of 88,999 thousand dollars in the profit and loss statement and it is due to write of complete goodwill amount that company has recognised in previous year. The impairment in goodwill occurs due to huge reduction in carrying value of CGU. The selling and distribution expense has increased from 44683 thousand dollars in year 2015 to 101268 thousand dollars in year 2016. After complete analysis of the company performance in current period and previous it is highly recommended to the clients to hold the shares for two years and give the company chance to rise again and earns the substantial profits. Importance of Continuous Reporting Regime Information disclosures have become an intensely significant part of an organization. In todays dynamic environment, it has become quite important to have accurate information so that future goals and strategies can be planned out. Investors that are investing in the company have their stake in the business organization (O'Brien, 2007). Thus in order to remain up to date they follow a broad and wide spectrum of information that discloses potentially relevant information. It is significant to know that the spectrum of information is quite wide and it also varies from time to time. The continuous disclosure regime has become important because it lays significant impact on the market and allocation of resources (Continuous Disclosure: an Abridged Guide, 2017). Australias business and economic environment has working in compliance with continuous disclosure regime. The companies that are listed in the Australian Stock Exchange are following the rules and norms in accordance to continuous disclosure process. The Australian Stock Exchange has been adopted the continuous disclosure regime as a way to achieve efficiency and stability in their operations (Australias continuous disclosure system: clear or confused, 2013). It is quite important for listed companies to follow the procedures according to continuous disclosure and disclose information about their earnings so that future market trends can be forecasted. In Australia, it is quite important for a company and its directors to have an effective continuous disclosure regime in order to avoid breach of Corporation Act. The continuous disclosure has become a legal requirement in Australia for companies, in addition to this it also helps in identifying the persons that have involved in allege d infringement of commitment for continuous disclosure. This concept has also provided defence shield to the business organization, section 674(2B) of the Corporation Act explains that if any person or business entity got involved in a issue which is related to infringement can prove its innocence by ensuring that they have compiled with the norms of continuous disclosure (Strengthening the financial reporting framework, 2017). Hence it is important for organization to adopt a robust compliance system in order to avoid potential infringement of continuous disclosure. In Australia, the continuous disclosures has been set out in section 674(2) of the Corporation Act which explains that every business organization that has been listed in Australian Stock Exchange is required to notify their market operator about varies kind of information that has been disclosed and the reason for not disclosing certain information (Explainer: Continuous disclosure obligations, 2013). It is also important for a business firm to disclose that the information is available at which platform so that general public can have a look at the entities market performance. In addition to this, the business organization is also required to disclose the value of information in the market ad its significant impact on the price of its securities and shares (Seeto and Howatson, 2008). The Australian Stock Exchange is quite particular about the continuous disclosures regime, and has serious punishments for the one who do not operate in compliance with the same. The continuous disclosure regime is in section 674(2), failure to comply with the section 674(2) my give rise to suit for an offence such as notice of breach by Australian Securities and Investment Commission or civil proceedings against the guilty. The Continuous disclosure regime is a positive change but it is quite hard to achieve because it involve various requirements. A continuous disclosure regime consists of a continuous disclosure policy approved by the board of the organization (Explainer: Continuous disclosure obligations, 2013). The regime should involve a senior officer to head its proceedings. The very first responsibility of the head of the regime is to identify the areas where the query for disclosure can arise so that proper strategies for the same can be planned out. It is important for business organization to include continuous disclosure their training and induction program for new recruits, managers and senior officials so that any they can easily understand the requirements of the regime the training program is required to be organized at regular intervals so that any new trend in the regime can be analyzed properly. Continuous disclosure regime helps in identifying information which can aid the general public to analyze the performance and growth of the organization in relation to prevailing trends in the market (Australias continuous disclosure system: clear or confused, 2013). Apart from this it also helps the investors to analyze the future effects of information on the shares and securities of the firm. The Corporation Acts section 677 refers to determine whether the information provided is market sensitive or not so that it can be disclosed or not. The information so disclosed aids the general individual to expect material effect on the price or value of the shares of the company. These kinds of information also help a person to decide whether the shares of the business organization should be acquired or to be disposed off. In continuous disclosure regime, the information disclosure is a continuous and interdependent process; information thus disclosed have certain kind of effect on other information that has been disclosed earlier by the firm (Continuous Disclosure: an Abridged Guide, 2017). The Australian Stock Exchange a maintained a time period under which the listed entities or firms are required to disclose the information and if the business entities find that the information is market sensitive they can resist from disclosing the same, but in such cases they have to disclos e the reason behind not providing information to the stock exchange under a given time slot. However the way through which information will be disclosed to Australian Stock Exchange can be decided by the business entity. It can also disclose information in the form of market announcement. Certain information is required by the Australian Stock Exchange on immediate basis while it may take longer time in case of making market announcement (Seeto and Howatson, 2008). The significant point is that companies are required to follow the continuous disclosure regime and they are also required to take the procedure quite seriously and not postponing the same for later time period. The Australian Stock Exchange has made it mandatory for firms which are listed in the stock exchange to follow the rules and guideline for continuous disclosure of information which can have impact on the market value of the firms shares and securities (Explainer: Continuous disclosure obligations, 2013). The continuous disclosure regime has proved beneficial for business organizations, general public and investor as well. When an investors plans to invest in any organizations, the process undergoes a lot of research and findings. An investor believes in a large set of information which is available on public platform. The continuous disclosures of information by the firm are an effective and efficient practice which helps the business entity in increasing their goodwill in the market, which in turn attracts more investors (Strengthening the financial reporting framework, 2017). The continuous disclosure regime makes an organization responsible towards the general public. The Australian Stock Exchange believes that an information should be quickly announced which can damage the value of shares and securities of the business organization. In any circumstances in which the business organization fails to make an announcement of information that it can request the stock exchange in haltin g their trading for some time until the information is announced (Australias continuous disclosure system: clear or confused, 2013). In todays competitive environment, information sharing has become a vital part for organizations that are functioning internationally as well as in their domestic region. Investors search various kinds of information before investing in any firm. Thus continuous disclosure has become a significant aspect in proper functioning of a business organization. Its role has become quite vast and important that an organization cannot avoid to continuous disclosure regime. It has direct and indirect effect on the business and its goodwill in the market (Chan, Faff, Ho and Ramsay, 2017). The Australian Stock Exchange has regulated the same aspect quite efficiently in their operations. They have made it a legal obligation for all the firms that are listed in the Australian Stock Exchange to comply their operation and functions with continuous disclosure. The Corporation Act of the country specifies its norms and guidelines which are required to be followed by every business firm (Latimer and Mau me, 2014). As per my opinion this procedure is quite effective in understanding the market value and market trends for a business organization. This procedure allows business firms to disclose information which can have an impact on the market value of the shares and securities (Clarke, Dean and Egan, 2014). In my opinion it is important for any investor to know the market performance of a business organization in order to make right decision as to invest or not to invest. The Australian Stock Exchange has made the compliance process quite flexible for the business entities. This is quite interesting to know that business organizations if felt that the information is market sensitive they can avoid disclosing the same to the Australian Stock Exchange. The procedure is quite effective as it is abided legally and if not followed properly or if a firm is engaged in the infringement of law, then it can be prosecuted for the same by the Australian securities and investment Commission (Beaton-Wells a nd Fisse, 2011). Thus the continuous disclosure regime is quite effective because it helps the business organizations to forecasts the market trends so that they can plan out their future prospects. Apart from this, an organization that discloses information on regular basis has improved goodwill in the market. Conclusion It can be said from the overall discussion held in the report that continuous disclosure forms an essential part of reporting standards for the Australian business entities. The Surfstitch Company is recommended to adopt the reporting framework of continuous disclosure to enhance their financial reporting quality and regain the goodwill in the market position. References Australias continuous disclosure system: clear or confused. 2013. Corporate Advisory. [Online]. Available at: file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/1665963_889467059_147834Australiascontinuousdisc.pdf [Accessed on: 11 September, 2017]. Beaton-Wells, C. and Fisse, B. 2011. Australian Cartel Regulation: Law, Policy and Practice in an International Context. Cambridge University Press. Bragg. S. 2010. Wiley GAAP: Interpretation and Application of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles 2011. John Wiley Sons. Chan, H., Faff, R., Ho, Y.K. and Ramsay, A. 2017. Management earnings forecasts in a continuous disclosure environment. Management earnings forecasts. Clarke, F., Dean, G. and Egan, M. 2014. The Unaccountable Ungovernable Corporation: Companies' use-by-dates close in. Routledge. Continuous Disclosure. 2009. Continuous Disclosure: an Abridged Guide. Continuous Disclosure: an Abridged Guide. 2017. ASX Listing Rules. [Online]. Available at: https://www.asx.com.au/documents/about/abridged-continuous-disclosure-guide-clean-copy.pdf [Accessed on: 11 September, 2017]. Explainer: Continuous disclosure obligations. 2013. [Online]. Available at: https://theconversation.com/explainer-continuous-disclosure-obligations-16894 [Accessed on: 11 September, 2017]. Gregoriou, G. 2009. The Banking Crisis Handbook. CRC Press. Klimek, L. 2014. European Arrest Warrant. Springer. Latimer, P. and Maume, P. 2014. Promoting Information in the Marketplace for Financial Services: Financial Market Regulation and International Standards. Springer. O'Brien, J. 2007. Private Equity, Corporate Governance and the Dynamics of Capital Market Regulation. Imperial College Press. O'Keefe, J. 2014. Breakthrough: Our Guerilla War to Expose Fraud and Save Democracy. Simon and Schuster. Seeto, G. and Howatson, G. 2008. Compliance with continuous disclosure obligations. [Online]. Available at: https://www.claytonutz.com/knowledge/2008/january/compliance-with-continuous-disclosure-obligations [Accessed on: 11 September, 2017]. Strengthening the financial reporting framework. 2017. Part 8: Continuous disclosure. [Online]. Available at: https://archive.treasury.gov.au/documents/403/HTML/docshell.asp?URL=Ch8.asp [Accessed on: 11 September, 2017]. SurfStitch Group. 2015. Annual Report. SurfStitch Group. 2016. Annual Report